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                    <name xml:id="whalen">Robert Whalen</name>
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            <head rendition="#plain #times">Essay 2</head>
            <p rendition="#times"><hi rendition="#italic">Read these instructions carefully before
                    proceeding, and check them again before submitting your essay.</hi></p>
            <p rendition="#times">Essay 1 must be no less than 1500 words in length, double-spaced,
                and in Times New Roman 11 pt. font. Avoid unnecessary white space (including between
                paragraphs) and/or padding. There is no need to begin with your name or mine, the
                course name/number, the date, etc. Begin simply with a title, followed immediately
                by your opening paragraph. Failure to adhere to these length and formatting
                requirements will result automatically in a grade of zero for the assignment. No
                exceptions. The essay is due by the date and time specified in the course <ref
                    rendition="#plain" target="../110summer/110schedule.html">Schedule</ref>. No
                exceptions. Submit the essay as an attachment using <ref rendition="#plain"
                    target="https://educat.nmu.edu/">EduCat</ref>. The file name should consist
                simply of your last name followed by the number 1, all lower case letters and no
                spaces. For example, if your name is Letitia Hildegard Smith, the file should be
                simply <hi rendition="#italic">smith1.docx</hi>.</p>

            <div rendition="#times #plain">
                <head rendition="#times">General Instructions</head>
                <list type="bulleted">
                    <item rendition="#times">Your essay must have a title, something brief and pithy
                        that captures in miniature your thesis, the central point of your
                        essay.</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">Your essay must begin with a clear thesis. This thesis
                        must be an opinion, something requiring an argument. If the thesis is merely
                        factual, it is not a thesis. Ask yourself, &#8220;Can my thesis be refuted?
                        Can it be doubted? Is it possible to imagine a contrary point of
                        view?&#8221; If the answer is &#8220;no,&#8221; then the thesis is not a
                        thesis. Discovering and refining a good thesis is not possible by writing a
                        single draft, so be sure to schedule time to revise your paper. Several
                        drafts might be necessary.</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">You must state your thesis clearly and build a
                        sustained argument supported by evidence from the reading(s). This evidence
                        should be selected judiciously. Do not fill your essay with many references
                        or quotations; a pertinent few will suffice. As a rule, the analysis
                        preceding and/or following a quotation should be at least as long as the
                        quotation itself. Dedicate as much space as possible to your argument,
                        quoting only enough evidence as is necessary to support it. </item>
                    <item rendition="#times">There is no need to consult secondary sources. The
                        central task here is for you to grapple with and analyze the readings in
                        light of some particular problem or issue. References to specific passages
                        should be clear and simple. For example, if you quote lines 23-25 from Act
                        3, Scene 2 of a play, follow the quotation with (3.2.23-25). There is no
                        need to write &#8220;Shakespeare&#8221; or &#8220;King Lear&#8221; or the
                        words &#8220;Act,&#8221; &#8220;Scene,&#8221; and &#8220;Lines.&#8221; Keep
                        it simple; do not fill space with padding. If the passage is from a poem,
                        simply cite the line numbers (or page number(s) if there are no line
                        numbers).</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">Do not refer to yourself. Phrases such as &#8220;I
                        think&#8221; or &#8220;I believe&#8221; are totally unnecessary and should
                        be avoided. Also, be sure to use the literary present tense. For example, do
                        not write, &#8220;Cordelia said to Lear"; write, &#8220;Cordelia says to
                        Lear.&#8221; What happens in a work of literature happens in the
                        present&#x2014;every time we see or read it. Do not think of it as taking
                        place in the past. Finally, be sure to edit your final draft carefully.
                        Essays riddled with spelling and/or grammar errors will receive a grade of
                        F. </item>
                </list>

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            <div rendition="#times #plain">
                <head rendition="#times">Prompts</head>
                <ab rendition="#times">Choose one of the following.</ab>

                <list type="ordered">
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Though tragedy typically has a
                            single plot, <hi rendition="#italic">King Lear</hi> has two. Discuss the
                            ways in which the Gloucester-Edmund-Edgar sub-plot complements the
                            principal plot involving Lear and his daughters.</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Shakespeare was as much a poet as
                            playwright. Discuss the ways in which a specific type of imagery is used
                            to enhance some important thematic aspect of <hi rendition="#italic"
                                >King Lear</hi>. You could focus on the imagery of light and
                            darkness, the human body, sexuality, or some other set of images
                            appearing frequently throughout the play. Be sure that your observations
                            about the images are organized around a <hi rendition="#italic">single
                                thesis/argument</hi> rather than presented merely as a list of
                            instances (see second item under General Instructions above).</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Analyze and compare two lyric
                            poems by Alice Oswald. You may focus on some combination of thematic
                            content (meaning) and form (the material aspects of the poem). Formal
                            features might include structure (stanzaic arrangement, the relationship
                            between rhyme scheme and syntax); figures or sound effects such as
                            meter, rhythm, rhyme, alliteration, assonance, caesura, enjambment,
                            repetition (e.g., anaphora and anadiplosis); tropes or conceits (imagery
                            and metaphor). Do not merely list examples. Rather, be selective in
                            choosing which of these features to include, for your analysis should be
                            organized around a thesis, an argument about some significant difference
                            or similarity. Consult the <ref rendition="#plain"
                                target="Lectures/lyricPoetry.html">introduction</ref> to lyric
                            poetry for review. For clarification of poetic terms, consult <ref
                                rendition="#plain" target="http://rhetoric.byu.edu/" type="external"
                                >Sylva Rhetoric&#230;</ref>.</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Compare Shakespeare&#8217;s
                            handling of female characters in <hi rendition="#italic">King Lear</hi>
                            with Behn&#8217;s in <hi rendition="#italic">The Rover</hi>. Do not
                            automatically assume that their gender determines the authors&#8217;
                            sympathies (or lack thereof). You may well conclude that Behn is more
                            sympathetic toward women than is Shakespeare, but either way be sure
                            that your argument is based on evidence from the readings.</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Even though it concludes with the
                            pairing-off of characters in marriage, as is typical of comedies, <hi
                                rendition="#italic">The Rover</hi> remains in some respects a deeply
                            disturbing and unsettling play. Discuss the ways in which Aphra Behn’s
                            comedic conclusion complicates her society’s apparent social
                        values.</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Formulate some other topic or
                            problem, based either on something from the class discussions, or
                            something addressed neither there nor in any of the prompts above.
                            Another option is to alter one of the prompts. Consult with me first if
                            you plan to do this.</p></item>
                </list>
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            <closer rendition="#times">&#169;Robert Whalen, 2025</closer>
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