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                    <name xml:id="whalen">Robert Whalen</name>
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            <head rendition="#plain #times">Essay 1</head>
            <p rendition="#times"><hi rendition="#italic">Read these instructions carefully before
                    proceeding, and check them again before submitting your essay.</hi></p>
            <p rendition="#times">Essay 1 must be no less than 1500 words in length, double-spaced,
                and in Times New Roman 11 pt. font. Avoid unnecessary white space (including between
                paragraphs) and/or padding. There is no need to begin with your name or mine, the
                course name/number, the date, etc. Begin simply with a title, followed immediately
                by your opening paragraph. Failure to adhere to these length and formatting
                requirements will result automatically in a grade of zero for the assignment. No
                exceptions. The essay is due by the date and time specified in the course <ref
                    rendition="#plain" target="../110summer/110schedule.html">Schedule</ref>. No
                exceptions. Submit the essay as an attachment using <ref rendition="#plain"
                    target="https://educat.nmu.edu/">EduCat</ref>. The file name should consist
                simply of your last name followed by the number 1, all lower case letters and no
                spaces. For example, if your name is Letitia Hildegard Smith, the file should be
                simply <hi rendition="#italic">smith1.docx</hi>.</p>

            <div rendition="#times #plain">
                <head rendition="#times">General Instructions</head>
                <list type="bulleted">
                    <item rendition="#times">Your essay must have a title, something brief and pithy
                        that captures in miniature your thesis, the central point of your
                        essay.</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">Your essay must begin with a clear thesis. This thesis
                        must be an opinion, something requiring an argument. If the thesis is merely
                        factual, it is not a thesis. Ask yourself, &#8220;Can my thesis be refuted?
                        Can it be doubted? Is it possible to imagine a contrary point of
                        view?&#8221; If the answer is &#8220;no,&#8221; then the thesis is not a
                        thesis. Discovering and refining a good thesis is not possible by writing a
                        single draft, so be sure to schedule time to revise your paper. Several
                        drafts might be necessary.</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">You must state your thesis clearly and build a
                        sustained argument supported by evidence from the reading(s). This evidence
                        should be selected judiciously. Do not fill your essay with many references
                        or quotations; a pertinent few will suffice. As a rule, the analysis
                        preceding and/or following a quotation should be at least as long as the
                        quotation itself. Dedicate as much space as possible to your
                        argument, quoting only enough evidence as is necessary to support it. </item>
                    <item rendition="#times">There is no need to consult secondary sources. The
                        central task here is for you to grapple with and analyze the readings in
                        light of some particular problem or issue. References to specific passages
                        should be clear and simple. For example, if you quote lines 463-75 from <hi
                            rendition="#italic">The Canterbury Tales</hi>, include that reference in
                        parentheses with no other information&#x2014;i.e., (463-75). There is no
                        need to write &#8220;Chaucer&#8221; or &#8220;The Canterbury Tales.&#8221;
                        Keep it simple; do not fill space with padding. Use page numbers if
                        referring to Morrison or Munro.</item>
                    <item rendition="#times">Do not refer to yourself. Phrases such as &#8220;I
                        think&#8221; or &#8220;I believe&#8221; are totally unnecessary and should
                        be avoided. Also, be sure to use the literary present tense. For example, do
                        not write, &#8220;Sethe <hi rendition="#italic">said</hi> to Denver&#8221;;
                        write, &#8220;Sethe <hi rendition="#italic">says</hi> to Denver.&#8221; What
                        happens in a work of literature happens in the present&#x2014;every time we
                        read it. Do not think of it as taking place in the past. Finally, be
                        sure to edit your final draft carefully. Essays riddled with spelling and/or
                        grammar errors will receive a grade of F.</item>
                </list>
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            <div rendition="#times #plain">
                <head rendition="#times">Prompts</head>
                <ab rendition="#times">Choose one of the following.</ab>

                <list type="ordered">
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">How does the conclusion of <hi
                                rendition="#italic">Beloved</hi> expand our understanding of one or
                            more of the novel’s characters?</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Discuss the ways in which Sethe’s
                            relationship with another character changes over time, and why the
                            change(s) matter in terms of our understanding of one or both of those
                            characters.</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Compare any <hi
                                rendition="#italic">two</hi> of the following characters from Alice
                            Munro’s story collection, <hi rendition="#italic">Friend of My
                                Youth</hi>. Do <hi rendition="#italic">not</hi> choose two
                            characters from the same story. <list type="bulleted">
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Brenda (“Five Points”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Almeda (“Meneseteung”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Daughter-narrator (“Friend of My
                                        Youth”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Jarvis Poulter
                                    (“Meneseteung”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Maria (“Five Points”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Flora (“Friend of My Youth”)</p></item>
                                <item><p rendition="#times">Narrator’s mother (“Friend of My
                                        Youth”)</p></item>
                            </list> Do <hi rendition="#italic">not</hi> focus on obvious <hi
                                rendition="#italic">differences</hi> (because they’re obvious and
                            therefore not especially interesting). Rather, aim to establish <hi
                                rendition="#italic">similarities</hi> (precisely because they’re <hi
                                rendition="#italic">not</hi> obvious, and therefore are more
                            interesting).</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">How might we best describe
                            Chaucer&#8217;s Pardoner&#x2014;performer, cynic, con artist, wounded
                            and suffering, some combination of these, or something else? Be
                            creative, but <hi rendition="#italic">do not</hi> argue that he is
                            merely a hypocrite, for that is both obvious and an oversimplification.
                            Be sure to articulate your thesis clearly, and to follow with an
                            argument supported by evidence from <hi rendition="#italic">The
                                Pardoner&#8217;s Prologue and Tale</hi> and, if you wish, the <hi
                                rendition="#italic">General Prologue</hi>.</p></item>
                    <!--  <item rendition="#times">In Greek comedy, the <hi rendition="#italic">eiron</hi>
                        is a clever character who outwits and triumphs over the boastful but
                        ignorant <hi rendition="#italic">alazon</hi>. Original Greek context aside,
                        the two terms suggest a useful conception of irony: the <hi
                            rendition="#italic">eiron</hi> typically is &#8220;in on the
                        joke,&#8221; whereas the <hi rendition="#italic">alazon</hi> is not. The <hi
                            rendition="#italic">eiron</hi> perpetrates the irony; the <hi
                            rendition="#italic">alazon</hi> is its victim. Discuss this conception
                        of irony with reference to either <hi rendition="#italic">The Wife of Bath’s
                            Prologue and Tale</hi> or <hi rendition="#italic">The Pardoner&#8217;s
                            Prologue and Tale</hi>. You may, if you like, compare Chaucer&#8217;s
                        handling of irony in the two tales.</item> -->
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">In what ways does the Wife of
                            Bath’s tale (the story she tells about the knight and the riddle)
                            complement her Prologue (the story she tells about herself)?</p></item>
                    <item rendition="#times"><p rendition="#times">Formulate some other topic or
                            problem, based either on something from the class discussions, or
                            something addressed neither there nor in any of the prompts above.
                            Another option is to alter one of the prompts. In other words, feel free
                            to be creative, to write about any aspect of the reading(s) that you
                            find compelling.</p></item>
                </list>
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            <closer rendition="#times">&#169;Robert Whalen, 2025</closer>
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